醫(yī)學英語-授課教案:unit 2

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教研室：醫(yī)學英語教研室 教師名稱：

Unit 2:  ModernWorries, New Technology, and Medicine

Introduction

   New technology usually will bring usbenefits, but with the increasing absorption of new technology, people’sopinion about the relationship between modern life and health has changed. Thus,new technology will be accompanied by new illnesses. What causes our illnesses?What should we do in the midst of burgeoning information? Now let’s go into thetext to see the author’s opinion about these questions.

I. Lead-in

•1.What does this title “Modern Worries, New Technology, and Medicine” mean? What will the text be about?

•2. Do you have any modern worries? And why?

• 

II. Focal words and expressions

•1.Undermine: weakengradually 破壞，削弱

•   Late hours can ~one"s health. 

•   晚睡會損害健康。

• Underline: emphasize;draw a line under (a word, sentence, etc.)

•   The recent cases of “bird flu” and cholera ~d the need for the community and the  government to be on thealert at all times.

•   近期發(fā)生的禽流感和霍亂個案顯示出市民及政府都要隨時警醒.

•Underlie: form the basis of

•   A deep faith ~sher work among the refugees.

•   她在難民中工作是因為她有很深的信念

• 

2. Foster: (1) encourage, promote

  Health and gaiety can ~ beauty.
健康與歡樂養(yǎng)育美。

Teachers are duty-bound to ~ such positive attitudes.  

教師有責任把這些好風氣帶動起來。

(2) take care ofand bring up (a child)

~a child

cf. adopt achild

3. Subtle:

(1) not easy to detect or describe

  Mona Lisa"s ~ smile is unique.

  蒙娜麗莎神秘深邃的微笑是無與倫比的.

(2) fine, delicate

  I noticed a ~ change in his attitude.

  我注意到他的態(tài)度發(fā)生了微妙的變化。

(3) sensitive

  She has a ~ mind. 她頭腦靈敏。

•4.Ascribe …to:  consider sth tobe caused by, written by or belonging to sb./sth.

•   He ~d his failureto bad luck.

•   This play isusually ~d to Shakespeare. 

•   這個劇本一般認為是莎士比亞所作。

• 

•  Attribute…to:  regard sth. asbelonging to, caused by, or produced by sb./sth.

•   They ~ my successto my hard work.

•   This play isusually ~d to Shakespeare.

• 

Owe…to:  recognize sb./sth.as the cause or source of sth

•We~ this discovery to Newton.我們的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功于牛頓。

•Cf.He ~s $50 to his father.他欠他父親50美元。

•~loyalty to a political party/ company/ one’s union 對某政黨/公司/聯(lián)盟效忠

•I~ a lot to mine husband and child.我很感激我的丈夫和孩子。

5. Commonplace

Adj. Ordinary, not interesting 平凡

Soonit will be ~ for people to travel to the moon.

不用多久，人們到月球旅行會變成常見的事了。

N. (1) remark that is ordinary orunoriginal

Itis a ~ among moralists that you cannot get happiness by pursuing it.

道德家們常說：幸�？孔非笫堑貌坏降�。

(2) ordinary topic, event

Airtravel is a ~ nowadays.

現(xiàn)在做飛機是平常事。

•6. Conspiratorial: of, or like conspirators or conspiracy

•She handed the note to me with a ~ air.她鬼鬼祟祟地把字條遞給了我。

•III. Background knowledge

•1. Treatment: conventional treatment

• alternative treatment 

•complementary medicine 中西醫(yī)結(jié)合

•(1). Acupressure 針壓法

•(2). Acupuncture 針灸法

•(3). Aromatherapy 芳香療法

•(4). Ayurvedic medicine 印度草藥療法

•(5). Body word: massage, Qigong, T’ai chi,etc.

•(6). Chinese herb 草藥

•(7). Homeopathy 順勢療法

•(8). Hydrotherapy 水療法

•(9). Naturopathic medicine (air, sunlight, water, heat, etc.) 自然醫(yī)術

•(10).nutrient and diet 營養(yǎng)與飲食療法

• 

•2. Sick building syndrome: An illness caused by exposure to pollutantsor germs inside an airtight building, e.g., formaldehyde

• 

•3. Railway spine: the 19th century disease with the post-traumaticsymptoms of passengers involved in the railroad accident

• 

•4. Electric allergy: the 20th century  disease with a lot of symptoms thatoriginated from the anxiety about exposure to electromagnetic fields emittedfrom video display terminals

• 

•5. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (syndrome): 克-雅綜合癥（傳染性海綿狀腦病)

•Hans Gerhard Creutzdeldt: 德國精神病學家，1885-1964

•Alfons Maria:德國精神病學家,1884-1931

•6. Necrotizing fasciitis: An infectious disease of very rare form ofencephalopathy , thought to be caused by a virus. There is little  known about the mode of  transformation.  Human to human transmission has occurredthrough the  use of contaminatedbrain electrode and  transplantationof infected tissue

• 

•7. Thalidomide wasfirst marketed in Europe in the late 1950"s. It was used as a sleeping pill and to treat morningsickness during pregnancy. At that time no one knew thalidomide caused birthdefects.

•Before its release, inadequate tests were performed to assess thedrug"s safety, with catastrophic results for the children of women who hadtaken thalidomide during their pregnancies.

•From 1956 to 1962, approximately 10,000 children were born withsevere malformities.

•But in fact, taking only one dose of thalidomide early in pregnancycan severely affect the growth of fetal limbs (arms, legs, hands, feet). Italso puts the fetus at risk of other injuries, including eye and ear defectsand severe internal defects of the heart, genitals, kidneys, digestive tract(including lips and mouth), and nervous system.

•IV. Medical terms

1. encephalo- 腦

 encephalo-arteriography 腦動脈造影術

encephalocele 腦膨出

encephaloma  腦瘤

 encephalomeningitis  腦膜炎

 encephalopathy   腦病

 encephalogram   腦X線[照]片

 encepahlography  腦照相術，腦造影術

 encephalitis   腦炎

•2. –pathy  病，療法

•encephalopathy   腦病

•Cardiomyopathy  心肌病

•Allopathy 對抗療法

•Hydropathy  水療

•3.psych(o)-  精神[的]，心理[的]

•Psychology  心理學

•Psychoanalysis精神分析

•Psychoalgalia 精神性痛

•Psychopathia  精神變態(tài)，變態(tài)人格

•Psychotherapy精神療法，心理療法

•4.somat(o): 體，軀體

•Somatalgia 軀體痛

•Somatology 軀體學

•Somatopathy 軀體病

•Somatoscopy:體格檢查，體格觀察

•5. allergy

•Allergen  變應原，過敏原

•Allergin  變應素

•Allergize  致敏

•Allergodermia 變應性皮病

•Allergology: 變態(tài)反應學

•6. –graphy

  encepahlography  腦照相術，腦造影術

  encephalo-arteriography 腦動脈造影術

•7. tele- 遠

•Telescope 望遠鏡

•Television  電視

•Telephone  電話

•Telegraphy  電報業(yè)

•Telegram 電報

•Telediagnosis  遠距診斷

•Telemedicine 遠距醫(yī)學

•8. necr(o)- 壞死，尸體

•Necrobacillosis 壞死桿菌病

•Necrocytotoxin 壞死細胞毒素

•Necrolysis  壞死溶解

•Necrotomy  尸體解剖，死骨切除

•Necronectomy 壞死[物]切除術

•Necrocytosis 細胞壞死

• 

•
V: Grammar:

•Attribute:

•The media’s increased coverage of healthtopics, in stories on the dangers lurking in ordinary activitiessuch as air travel and vaccination, has increased worries about routinehealth care and increased people’s perception of their vulnerability to new and exotic illnesses.

•1.his complaint (代詞)

•2.developing countries (現(xiàn)在分詞)

•3.10,000 children (數(shù)詞)

•4. illness attributed to environmental pollution (過去分詞短語)

•7.sleeping pill (動名詞)

•8.I need some one to do the operation. (不定式)

•9.These concerns about technological change, which have been largelyunrecognized by researchers, have important implication for the waypatients interact with health service. (定語從句)

VI.translation

Adverbialclause

Whereas previous health scares -----amalgam fillings, saccharin, and fluoridation of water ------ were published inthe usual media sources, new  andunsubstantiated health worries can be instantly transmitted to an internetaudience eagerly seeking information on health or to special interest networks,such as illness support groups.

以前人們對健康的擔憂，如汞合金補牙、糖精、氟化水的影響是通過普通媒介傳播的，而現(xiàn)在可以通過網(wǎng)絡把一些新型的、未加證實的健康問題迅速地傳遞給在網(wǎng)上急于尋求健康知識的群體或某些特殊網(wǎng)民，如為抵御某一疾病而成立的團體。

1. The earthturns round its axis asit travels around the sun.

  地球一面繞太陽運行，一面 繞地軸自轉(zhuǎn)。

（轉(zhuǎn)譯成并列分句)

 Whenthe abnormal is sensed, an alarm is sounded to alert the nursing staff.

如果 測出異gydjdsj.org.cn/wszg/常情況，鬧鈴就響起來，引起護理人員的警覺。

（轉(zhuǎn)譯成條件狀語從句)

2. Teratogenic (致畸形的), carcinogenic(致癌的), mutagenic(致突變的), reproductive, and sensitization experiments may be included where indicated.

   如必要 可進行致畸、致癌、致突變、生殖以及致敏的試驗。

（轉(zhuǎn)譯成條件狀語從句)

  3. The patient was discharged from hospital yesterday, if you want to know.

  這病人已于昨天出院，如果你想知道的話。

（譯成補充說明的分句置于句末)

Necrotizing fasciitis:

A rarebacterial infection that can destroy skin and the soft tissues beneath it,including fat and the tissue covering the muscles (fascia). Because thesetissues often die rapidly, a person with necrotizing fasciitisis sometimes said to be infected with "flesh-eating" bacteria.

Very rare but serious. Around 30% of thosewho develop it die from the disease

VII. Summary

New technologiesare usually accompanied by new complaints, such as railway spine in the 19^thcentury and electric allergy in the 20^th century. Nowadays, withmass media and internet, people are increasingly feeling we are veryvulnerable; and due to mismanaged incidents and easily recalled fallibility of experts,people begin to distrust experts, therefore they refuse to start medication incase of being “poisoned”. This environment fosters people to pay more attentionto their health; in turn, to國家醫(yī)學考試網(wǎng)o much concerns bring up anxiety, which leads tophysical and mental illnesses. While new technology can improve the quality ofour life, it can also produce adverse effect on our life.

VIII. Discussion p.47

•1. The advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.

•2. Explain the importance of the healthy lifestyle by giving someexamples.