第37題，結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)www.med126.com：
[A]realize the national dream，A選項(xiàng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了民族的夢(mèng)想(美國夢(mèng))。
在文中，有相關(guān)的體現(xiàn)在于：awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses，這與選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不符合，屬于同形不同義，排除。
[B]struggle against each other，B選項(xiàng)，彼此爭(zhēng)斗。
這在原文中有：they were more aware of the struggles of others體現(xiàn)，但是這只是說有了一種意識(shí)，而不是真的“each other”的與任何人都去“struggle against”，故屬于同形不同義，排除。
[C]challenge their lifestyle，C選項(xiàng)，挑戰(zhàn)了他們的生活方式。
該選項(xiàng)符合文章中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，與題干結(jié)合有歧義，即人們自己挑戰(zhàn)自己的生活方式。實(shí)際上，原文所提及的一些題改變是人們迫不得已的重新思考的結(jié)果，而不是人們自主的挑戰(zhàn)。所以，排除此選項(xiàng)。
[D]reconsider their lifestyle ，D選項(xiàng)，重新思考他們的時(shí)候方式。
文章中“had improved them in some ways;”；“they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others�！�；“At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending”都是一種基于改變的思考，故選D選項(xiàng)。
第38題，結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)：
[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants，A選項(xiàng)，加重外來移民的負(fù)擔(dān)。
原文中表述如下：Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases即反移民的情緒增加，但是這不是移民的負(fù)擔(dān)，所以與上題的多干擾項(xiàng)一樣，屬于同形不同義，排除。
[B]bring out more evils of human nature ，B選項(xiàng)，使顯示出更多的人性的罪惡。
通過對(duì)“engthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes�！钡木C合，可以確定，此選項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。
“[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms，C選項(xiàng)，推動(dòng)權(quán)力和自由的進(jìn)步”以及“[D]ease conflicts between races and classes，D選項(xiàng)，緩和各個(gè)種族與各個(gè)階級(jí)之間的沖突”明顯與原文“stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms�！币约啊癲oes conflict between races and classes”不符合，所以排除。
故，最終確認(rèn)，答案為B選項(xiàng)。
第39題，結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)：
Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。
[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities，A選項(xiàng)，由于缺少機(jī)會(huì)而落后于其他人。
文章中有“decrease opportunities to cross them”，但是此句，只是在討論前面的核心點(diǎn)“class divides”，而不是有關(guān)于“elite universities”。
而“l(fā)eft behind”所在“ it is the masses beneath them that are left behind�！边@一句是一個(gè)明顯的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，還原為原句后是：the masses beneath them are left behind. 其中them指代前面的“those with degrees from elite universities”即題干中的名牌大學(xué)生。故該句翻譯成：在名牌大學(xué)之后的大眾們被拋在后面。
所以，名牌大學(xué)生沒有因?yàn)闄C(jī)會(huì)少而落后，故屬于同形不同義，排除。
[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees，B選項(xiàng)，以很快趕上了經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的員工。
原文中有：those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times。其“catch up quickly with ”對(duì)象是“where they have been”，而非人，所以，排除不選。
[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’，C選項(xiàng)，和其他人一樣把他們的生活機(jī)會(huì)看的很暗淡。
根據(jù)原文，同樣可以知道，他們不會(huì)如同其他人一樣，所以排除。
[D]recover more quickly than the others，D選項(xiàng)，比其他人回復(fù)的更快速。
在原文中的“those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind�！闭f明，第一名牌大學(xué)生會(huì)去到在較好的時(shí)代不能去到的高度，其次他們可以超過其他人，所以，答案為，他們恢復(fù)的更快。
第30題，在文章中不好確定，故進(jìn)入第四步驟解題。
第四步驟：全文解題。
全文前四個(gè)段落都已出題，唯獨(dú)最后一個(gè)段落沒有出題，根據(jù)出題區(qū)域不重復(fù)的原則(相見同上)，所以研讀選項(xiàng)后，重點(diǎn)研讀最后一個(gè)段落。
[A]certain ，A選項(xiàng)，確定的。
[B]positive，B選項(xiàng)，積極地。
[C]trivial，C選項(xiàng)，瑣碎的。
[D]destructive，D選項(xiàng)，毀滅的www.med126.com。
C選項(xiàng)與D選項(xiàng)，屬于負(fù)面選項(xiàng)，縱觀全文，內(nèi)容較為可觀且積極，所以負(fù)面的選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該排除，其實(shí)這也好理解，就是如果真的是全負(fù)面的影響，美國人民可能就是去活下去的勇氣了……
而，很多同學(xué)會(huì)被B選項(xiàng)，積極地，所迷惑，原因是文中提及了很多好一點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容，但是，在文章中的最后一段有原文：We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend。
所以，答案為A選項(xiàng)，確定的。即作者認(rèn)為是有影響的，但是影響的最終結(jié)果，仍需等待。
所以結(jié)合上面的真題解析，我們可以知道，在閱讀之時(shí)不要為相同但是卻不同意義的選項(xiàng)所迷惑，原文才是檢驗(yàn)真題的唯一途徑！
希望該文章能對(duì)各位同學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)有所幫助。
附錄：2012年考研英語(二)第四篇文章
Text 4
The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends, it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of our society for years。
No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending。
But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S. , lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes。
Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。
In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend。
36.By saying “to find silver linings”(Line 1,Para.2)the author suggest that the jobless try to___。
[A]seek subsidies from the government
[B]explore reasons for the unemployment
[C]make profits from the troubled economy
[D]look on the bright side of the recession
37. According to Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____。
[A]realize the national dream
[B]struggle against each other
[C]challenge their lifestyle
[D]reconsider their lifestyle
38. Benjamin Friedman believed that economic recession may_____。
[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants
[B]bring out more evils of human nature
[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms
[D]ease conflicts between races and classes
39. The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____。
[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities
[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees
[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’
[D]recover more quickly than the others www.med126.com
40. The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____。
[A]certain
[B]positive
[C]trivial
[D]destructive
2012考研英語真題、參考答案估分及點(diǎn)評(píng)
