(9) The problem is not that welfare is too generous to blacks but that social welfare in general is too stingy? to all concerned. Naturally, whites in the swelling “near poor” category resent the notion of whole races sup-posedly indulging over their expense. Whites, near poor and middle class, need help too — as do the many African Americans, Hispanics and “others” who do not qualify for aid but need it nonetheless.
(10) So we white folks have a choice. We can keep pretending that welfare is black program and a scheme for transferring our earnings to the pockets of shiftless, dark-skinned people. Or we can clear our throats, blush prettily and admit that we are hurting too — for cash assistance when we’re down and out, for health insurance, for college aid and all the rest.
(11) Racial scapegoating? has its charms, I will admit: the surge of righteous anger, even the fun — for those inclined — of wearing sheets and burning crosses. But there are better, nobler sources of white pride, it seems to me. Remember, whatever they say about our music or our taste in clothes, only we can truly, deeply blush.
【參考譯文】福利制度:白人的秘密
(1)來吧,我的白種同胞們,我們得好好坦白一下。不談老人斑的事,也不談我們擦了古銅膚色乳液來度過漫長的冬天,只為了不讓自己看起來蒼白得像是患有晚期肺癆的樣子。我也不是在說那件大家都在做的事:回到家,拉起窗簾,偷練新潮舞步。勇敢地說出來吧,朋友們,這是發(fā)明腮紅粉餅以來白人之間最大的秘密:福利制度是為白人設(shè)的。沒錯(cuò),如果要說福利制度是黑人的,那等于說凡尼拉? 艾絲(香草冰)是正統(tǒng)都市拉普音樂的代名詞一樣:同樣是違反事實(shí)。
(2)實(shí)際數(shù)字顯示,接受福利援助的人口,在人口普查局記錄中列為“經(jīng)查驗(yàn)謀生能力,予以現(xiàn)金援助”的這一類,其中有61% 是白人,而黑人只占33%。雖然統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字俱在,可是自從里根年代初期開始,共和黨式的“政治立場正確”用語中“詐騙福利金的騙子”,就仿佛成了非裔美國人的同義詞。但是,假如洛杉磯湖人隊(duì)中有61% 是白人,并且一路奏捷,到那時(shí)我們還會叫它“黑人球隊(duì)”嗎?
(3) 等等!——我可以聽到我的鄰居說著——我們的數(shù)學(xué)能力還不至于像亞裔美國人所想的那么差。這些比例數(shù)據(jù)當(dāng)中還有很大的誤差。非裔美國人只占全美人口12%,至少人口普查結(jié)果是這樣?墒撬麄儏s占了領(lǐng)取福利金人口的33%——這絕對是黑人極度倚賴救濟(jì)金的鐵證。 醫(yī)學(xué)全在.線gydjdsj.org.cn
(4) 可是我們忘了一點(diǎn)。福利制度是為收入微薄,尤其是特別窮困的人辦的。非裔美國人當(dāng)中收入不及最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn),因而可以符合領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金資格的比例,是白人的三倍。假如我們挑出一種最可能符合救濟(jì)資格的人——單身媽媽貧戶,家中有未滿18歲的子女要撫養(yǎng)的——那么接受福利救助的人就沒有什么種族差異了:非裔美國人的單親媽媽貧戶有74.6% 在領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金,白人貧戶的單身媽媽則有64.5% 靠救濟(jì)。
(5) 這兩項(xiàng)數(shù)字之間顯然仍有差距,可是差別不大,不足以用來解釋非洲血統(tǒng)的人先天就特別喜歡白吃的午餐。有兩個(gè)原因可以解釋這個(gè)差別。第一,黑人不僅貧窮的比例偏高,而且其中大多數(shù)是赤貧階級。這點(diǎn)就足夠讓他們符合領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金的基本條件。條二,和白人窮人比起來,有比較多的黑人貧困戶住在都市,因而較有機(jī)會到社會福利處領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金。