1. The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
解析：本句較短，主干是：The Supreme Court's decisions carry important implications for sth，for后面有一個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
參考譯文：最高法庭關(guān)于醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人結(jié)束生命問(wèn)題的裁決，對(duì)于如何用藥物減輕病危者的痛苦這個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)說(shuō)，具有重要的意義。
2. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
解析：本句較長(zhǎng)，有that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide，that an action having two effects，以及that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句：a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen。本句的主句是：the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect"。
參考譯文：盡管裁決認(rèn)為，憲法沒(méi)有賦予醫(yī)生幫助病人自殺的權(quán)利醫(yī),學(xué).全,在.線gydjdsj.org.cn，然而最高法庭實(shí)際上卻認(rèn)可了醫(yī)療界的“雙效”原則，這個(gè)存在了好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的道德原則認(rèn)為，如果某種行為具有雙重效果（希望達(dá)到的好效果和可以預(yù)見(jiàn)得到的壞效果)，那么，只要行為實(shí)施只是想達(dá)到好的效果，這個(gè)行為就是可以允許的。
3. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."
解析：本句中出現(xiàn)that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：that the principle will shield doctors，that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain，以及who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句who "until now have very, very strongly insisted。翻譯時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句可以獨(dú)立成句。注意Mediation的語(yǔ)境意思是“鎮(zhèn)痛劑”，本意是“調(diào)停，調(diào)和”。
參考譯文：蒙特非奧里醫(yī)療中心主任南希?都博勒認(rèn)為，這項(xiàng)原則將消除部分醫(yī)生的疑慮，這些醫(yī)生在此之前一直強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為，如果給病人充分的藥品來(lái)止痛會(huì)加速他們的死亡的話，那就不能這樣做。
4. On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
解析：本句的主干是many acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by… for …，that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，以及后面的for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是patients。
參考譯文：另一方面，許多醫(yī)療界人士承認(rèn)，致使醫(yī)助自殺這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論升溫的部分原因是由于病人們的絕望情緒，對(duì)這些病人來(lái)說(shuō)，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)延長(zhǎng)了臨終前肉體的痛苦。
5. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short time.
解析：本句中出現(xiàn)了as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句as winter grips the northern hemisphere，同時(shí)也是插入語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)Strengthening economic growth，本句的主干是：Strengthening economic growth could push the price higher.
參考譯文：強(qiáng)勁的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭醫(yī) 學(xué)全,在線.搜集.整理gydjdsj.org.cn，隨著北半球冬季的到來(lái)，有可能在短期內(nèi)使石油價(jià)格漲得更高。
6. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
解析：本句結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，出現(xiàn)了so引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.難點(diǎn)在于個(gè)別短語(yǔ)的翻譯：muted “沉默的，被弄啞的”，上下文的語(yǔ)境是“不太顯著的”。
參考譯文：在歐洲，稅金在汽油零售價(jià)的比例高達(dá)4/5，因此，即使原油價(jià)格發(fā)生很大的波動(dòng)，汽油價(jià)格所受的影響也不會(huì)像過(guò)去那么顯著。
7. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.
