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陰陽學(xué)說的基本概念 |
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The Basic Concept of the Theory of Yin-Yang |
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陰陽學(xué)說是中國古代的一種宇宙觀和方法論，具有對立統(tǒng)一的內(nèi)涵。陰陽是對自然界相互關(guān)聯(lián)的某些事物或現(xiàn)象對立雙方的概括。陰陽既可以代表兩種相互對立的事物或勢力，也可以代表同一事物內(nèi)部所存在的相互對立的兩個方面。 |
The theory of yin-yang is a perspective and methodology originated in ancient China with the unity of opposites being its central premise. Yin-Yang is the generalization of the two opposite aspects of things or phenomena which are interrelated in the natural worlds. Yin and yang represent not only the two inter-opposite things or forces, but also the two inter-opposite aspects existing within one object. | |
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用陰陽來概括某些事物或現(xiàn)象的對立統(tǒng)一關(guān)系必須具備兩個條件：對立事物或現(xiàn)象具有相關(guān)性和陰陽屬性的規(guī)定性。 |
Two requirements must be met when we describe the unity of opposites in terms of yin-yang: relativity, the interrelationship between the opposites, and property stipulation, the rules defining the properties of Yin-Yang. | |
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相關(guān)性是指這些事物或現(xiàn)象必須是屬于同一統(tǒng)一體中的相互關(guān)聯(lián)的事物或現(xiàn)象，而不是毫不相干的。如水與火乃是自然界中物質(zhì)存在的不同狀態(tài)和現(xiàn)象，兩者是相互關(guān)聯(lián)而又相互對立的。水性寒而下走，火性熱而上炎，故水屬陰，火屬陽。實(shí)際上，陰陽學(xué)說中的陰陽，僅是抽象的屬性概念，而非指互不相關(guān)的具體事物。 |
Relativity refers to the fact that things or phenomena must belong to the same unity and be interrelated with each other. For example, water and fire are different states and phenomena of material existence in the nature. They are interrelated and inter-opposed. Water is cold in nature and flows downward while fire is hot and flames upward. So water pertains to yin and fire to yang. In fact, yin and yang in the theory are just an abstract conception of properties. They are not the actually uninterrelated objects themselves.醫(yī).學(xué) 全在.線,提供www.med126.com | |
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陰陽屬性的規(guī)定性是指陰或陽不僅能概括事物或現(xiàn)象對立統(tǒng)一的兩個方面，而且還代表著這兩個方面的一定屬性。也就是說，自然界相互關(guān)聯(lián)的事物或現(xiàn)象對立的兩個方面，本身就具有截然相反的兩種屬性。陽代表積極、進(jìn)取、剛強(qiáng)等特性和具有這些特性的事物或現(xiàn)象；陰代表消極、退守、柔弱等特性和具有這些特性的事物和現(xiàn)象。而事物或現(xiàn)象相互對立的兩個方面的陰陽屬性是相對而言的，是由事物或現(xiàn)象的性質(zhì)、位置、趨勢等因素所決定的。 |
The property stipulation means that yin or yang are used to both describe the two opposite aspects in the same unity and represent the certain properties of the two opposing aspects. It means the two naturally interrelated opposite aspects of an object or phenomenon have different properties of their own: yang equal to that of activeness, progressiveness, and firmness and things or phenomena of these properties , and yin that of inactiveness, decline, and softness and things or phenomena of these properties. But the properties of yin and yang possessed by two opposing two aspects should not be defined arbitrarily or inverted randomly because of the properties’ relativity. They are determined by such factors as their nature, position, or tendencies. | |
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陰陽學(xué)說認(rèn)為，自然界中的一切事物都存在著相互對立的陰陽兩個方面，這兩個方面的運(yùn)動變化乃是一切事物構(gòu)成和發(fā)展變化的根本原因。陰陽的對立統(tǒng)一乃是物質(zhì)世界運(yùn)動變化的總綱。中醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為陰陽是自然界的根本規(guī)律，是事物生長、發(fā)展、變化、衰亡的根源。 |
According to the theory of yin-yang, everything in the natural world is made up of two opposing aspects - yin and yang, and the constant changes of their relations are the root cause of the formation and development of the world. Unity of opposites is the general principles of the development of the material world. TCM holds that yin-yang is both the fundamental law in the natural world and the origin of growth, development, change, and decline. | |
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下表是對陰陽理論事物屬性的一個簡單概括。 |
The table below is a brief summary of the theory of yin-yang | |
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事物/現(xiàn)象 things/phenomena |
陰陽屬性分類 Category of Properties of Yin and Yang | |
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陰Yin |
陽Yang | |
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空間Space |
上、外Up and outside |
下、內(nèi)Down and inside |
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時間Time |
晝Day |
夜Night |
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季節(jié)Season |
春、夏Spring and summer |
秋、冬Autumn and winter |
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溫度Temperature |
溫、熱Warm and hot |
涼、寒Cool and cold |
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濕度Humidity |
干燥Dry |
濕潤Moist |
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重量Weight |
輕Light |
重Heavy |
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亮度Brightness |
明亮Bright |
晦暗Dim |
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運(yùn)動狀態(tài) State of movement |
上升、動、興奮、亢進(jìn) Ascending motion, excited or hyperactive |
下降、靜、抑制、衰退 Descending motion, quiescence , inhibition, decline |
