英文的行文注重結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、邏輯分明醫(yī)學(xué)全在,線gydjdsj.org.cn，表述方式也直截了當(dāng)，重復(fù)較少。沖刺備考考生應(yīng)在進(jìn)行閱讀和寫(xiě)作練習(xí)時(shí)，充分留意這些特點(diǎn)，并學(xué)著模仿這種思維和表達(dá)方式。
我們?cè)倏聪旅孢@篇短文。
⑴The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise，market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. ⑵ Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. ⑶Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
⑴An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. ⑵In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. ⑶If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. ⑷If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. ⑸Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.
⑴The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources(private property), and they are permitted to hire labour, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. ⑵In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain right, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
這篇文章的第一句就開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，明確了主題，提出美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的特點(diǎn)是通過(guò)私有企業(yè)和市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向調(diào)節(jié)作用。圍繞這一主題，文章的三個(gè)段落層層展開(kāi)，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，每一段落各有側(cè)重。
第一段是講私有企業(yè)受盈利動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)使進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)，這一動(dòng)機(jī)決定企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)方式，但更重要的是，這一動(dòng)機(jī)取決于消費(fèi)者的需求和愿望，即市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向。這一段的最末一句是該段的段落主題句，實(shí)際上也是全文中心思想的另一種表述方式。
第二段開(kāi)頭一句是該段的段落主題句，說(shuō)明市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向型經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要特點(diǎn)之一是它有一個(gè)價(jià)格機(jī)制，價(jià)格的上漲和下跌反映并調(diào)節(jié)消費(fèi)需求。圍繞這個(gè)主題句，第(2)、(3)、(4)句進(jìn)一步闡述產(chǎn)品供需與價(jià)格浮動(dòng)和消費(fèi)需求的關(guān)系。
第三段的主題句也是該段的第一句，說(shuō)明私有制企業(yè)的重要特色。該段的第二句是對(duì)主題句的進(jìn)一步闡釋。
