、偕鲜龈杏X動(dòng)詞與使役動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí).其后的不定式一般需帶to,如:
He was seen to come.
The boy was made to go to bed early.
、谠趧(dòng)詞find與help之后gydjdsj.org.cn,不定式可帶to亦可不帶to,如:
He was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season.他發(fā)現(xiàn)羊在此季節(jié)越出柵欄,感到驚訝。
3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:
Last night I did nothing but watch TV.昨天晚上,我除了看電視別的什么也沒有干。
但是,如果謂語動(dòng)詞不是“do nothing,anything,everything”,那么but(except)所跟的不定式則仍須帶。
The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.醫(yī)生除了讓他戒煙,其它什么都沒有說。
There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外,他們沒有別有別的辦法。
(4)不定式與動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語和分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)
1)不定式的邏輯主語為:for +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ 不定式。例如:
I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他—個(gè)人干這活是不可能的。
(注)在表示人物性格、的特性等的形容詞后面,常用of引出不定式的邏輯主語。例如:
It was wise of him to do that.他那樣做是明智的。
2)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語為;①人稱代詞的所有格+動(dòng)名詞;②名詞’s+動(dòng)名詞。例如:
Tom insisted on my going with them.他堅(jiān)持要我和他們一起去。
He dislikes his wife’s working late.他不喜歡他妻子工作得很晚。
3)某些形容詞,如:careless等不定式后可以加of來引導(dǎo)出其邏輯主語。這類詞主要有:absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等
It is very kind of you to help me.你幫助我太好了。
間或也可用for + there to be表示(而且there后面的不定式只能是to be)。
It’s a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.太遺憾了公司里有這么多的麻煩。