北京新航道學(xué)校 李傳偉
第十二天:大小寫(xiě)作 得分多多---小作文語(yǔ)言
格式以外,小作文的語(yǔ)言也很重要。除了一般作文的要求,如沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤、用詞豐富、句子結(jié)構(gòu)有變化以外,小作文還有特殊的要求,如文體方面與交際方面的要求。下面以前一天的范文為例剖析這幾點(diǎn)。
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position. There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.
First of all, the salary has proven to be much lower than you originally promised, and I have a large family to support. In addition, the office is located in the downtown area, yet I live in the suburbs, so it is exhausting for me to spend over three hours commuting every day. Most importantly, I feel rather disappointed and left out on the job itself, as in the past two months I was never given any really important responsibility.
I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
一、遣詞造句
首先,本文用詞準(zhǔn)確。例如,current position中的current,(spend over three hours) commuting中的commuting,(any really important) responsibility中的responsibility。其次,句型多變。有并列句,如第二段首句。還有較多的復(fù)合句,包含主句與從句,如第二段的第二句與第三句。當(dāng)然,銜接手段也很豐富,具體內(nèi)容會(huì)在明天的總結(jié)中談到。
二、文體規(guī)范
所謂文體,就是考研大綱中所說(shuō)的語(yǔ)域問(wèn)題。小作文主要考查兩類(lèi)文體,即正式文體與非正式文體。寫(xiě)給團(tuán)體或機(jī)構(gòu)的書(shū)信一般使用正式語(yǔ)言,即不用縮略語(yǔ)和口語(yǔ)用法。非正式文體主要涉及寫(xiě)給朋友的書(shū)信,可以使用縮略語(yǔ)和口語(yǔ)用法。上面的信是寫(xiě)給團(tuán)體負(fù)責(zé)人的,所以用語(yǔ)正式。
三、交際原則
所謂交際原則,就是要針對(duì)不同場(chǎng)合使用不同語(yǔ)言,使交流得以進(jìn)行。落實(shí)到小作文的書(shū)信,就是要恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂枚Y貌語(yǔ)言。上面文中的末句就體現(xiàn)了這一原則。不同的應(yīng)用文有不同的用語(yǔ),考生應(yīng)該加以熟悉和背誦,使考試時(shí)能運(yùn)用自如。針對(duì)不同應(yīng)用文的具體套話,可以登錄新航道網(wǎng)站www.newchannel.org上的考研論壇下載。